Cristy Li

Pope Saint Martin I
Image: Catholic Culture

(EWTN) Born in Italy at Todi on the Tiber, Pope Martin was born in either the late 6th or early 7th century, he became a Deacon according to Catholic News Agency and served in Rome, where he acquired a reputation for education and holiness.

Pope Theodore I chose Martin as his representative (Papal Nuncio) to the Emperor in Constantinople during a period of theological controversy between the Imperial Capitol and the Roman Church.

The dispute that Martin became involved first as Papal Nuncio and later as Pope himself, was over Jesus’ human nature. (See: Galatians 4:4 and ‘Jesus Christ, God and Man’ –EWTN) Although the Church had already acknowledged the Eternal Son of God as ‘becoming man’ within history, some Eastern Bishops continued to insist that Christ’s human nature was not entirely like that of other humans.

During the 7th century, authorities within the Byzantine Church and empire, promoted a version of this heresy known as ‘monothelitism’ which taught that Jesus Christ had two natures–one human and one divine but only one will.

Pope Theodore condemned this teaching and excommunicated Patriarch Pyrrhus of Constantinople for holding to it.

Martin inherited this controversy when he succeeded Theodore I as Pope. At the Lateran Council of 649 Pope Martin I, followed his predecessors lead in condemning Pyrrhus’ successor Patriarch Paul II, who accepted Emperor Constans II decision to forbid all discussion of whether or not Jesus Christ had both a human and divine will–Pope Martin I condemned monothelitism completely and denounced those who held to it.

Pope Martin insisted that the teaching that denied Christ’s human will could not be glossed over as an irrelevant point. To refuse to acknowledge Jesus Christ’s distinct divine and human wills he believed, was to deny the Biblical teaching that Christ was like humanity in everything other than sin.

“For we have not a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sinning.” —Hebrews 4:15

The Byzantine Emperor retaliated against Pope Martin by sending his own representative to Italy during the Council, with Orders either to arrest the Pope or have him killed.

A servant of the Emperor who attempted to assassinate Pope Martin while he was distributing Holy Communion later testified that he suddenly lost his eyesight and could not carry out the death sentence.

In 653 the Emperor again sought to silence Pope Martin, this time by sending a delegation to abduct him, a struggle ensued and the Pope was taken to Constantinople before being exiled to the Island of Naxos for a year. Those who attempted to send help to the exiled Pope Martin, were denounced as traitors of the Byzantine Empire–Eventually Pope Martin was brought back to Constantinople and sentenced to death.

Pope Martin’s appointed executioners stripped him of his clothes and led him through the city before locking him in a prison with a group of murderers–he was beaten so badly that he appeared to be on the verge of death. At the last moment however both the Patriarch of Constantinople and Emperor agreed that Pope Martin should not be executed and instead was kept in a prison before being banished again to an island that was suffering from severe famine. Pope Martin wrote to a friend that he was “not only separated from the rest of the world…even deprived of the means to live” and here passed the remaining days of his life.

Buried in the Church of Our Lady in Crimea Cherson, many miracles are related are wrought by Pope Saint Martin I in life and after his death in 655 — Pope Saint Martin was the last of the early Pontiff’s to be Venerated as a Martyr.

The Third Ecumenical Council of Constantinople eventually vindicated Pope Saint Martin I, by confirming in 681 that Jesus Christ had both a divine and human will.

More here from Franciscan Media

Related: For Today’s Most Holy Scripture Readings – Memorial of St. Martin I, Pope & Martyr Visit: -USCCB

St. Stanislaus Bishop & Martyr (1030-1079)

(Franciscan Media) Anyone who reads the history of Eastern Europe cannot help but chance on the name ‘Stanislaus’ the Bishop of Poland Krakow, who died for his faith in Jesus Christ at the hands of King Boleslaus II

Born in Poland Szczepanow in the Diocese of Krakow according to EWTN in 1030 his parents members of the nobility showed great zeal and charity in their Catholic lives. Their son studied for a time in Poland and then went on to learn theology and Canon law in Paris. The death of his parents left him a large inheritance which he gave away to the poor.

Following Stanislaus ordination as a Priest, he served the Church in Krakow in various pastoral and administrative posts–following the death of the Diocese’s leader Bishop Lambert Zula, Fr. Stanislaus was chosen his successor.

Bishop Stanislaus worked tirelessly for the Diocese and denounced vices regardless of consequence. About this time, Boelslaus had become King of Poland who was becoming notorious for his violent and depraved lifestyle. After a series of disputes over his scandalous behavior, atrocious cruelty and unbridled lust, Bishop Stanislaus found no success in his efforts to help King Boelslaus see the error in his ways and reform himself.

Sparing neither tears nor prayer and admonitions to King Boleslaus to lead a more Christian life, Boleslaus was excommunicated and the Canons of the Cathedral were instructed to discontinue the Divine Offices in case the King should attempt to enter. Bishop Stanislaus then retired  to the Chapel of St. Michael to celebrate Mass.

King Boleslaus became furious with Bishop Stanislaus and sent his guards to murder him, when they proved unwilling or unable to do so, Boleslaus took matters into his own hands and struck Bishop Stanislaus down with a sword during the Celebration of Mass. Bishop Stanislaus was soon thereafter acclaimed as a Martyr while Boleslaus II lost his grip on power and left Poland–In later years, the fallen Monarch is said to lived out his days in a Monastery repenting for the murder. 

Bishop Stanislaus was Canonized in 1253 by Pope Innocent IV

Related: For Today’s Most Holy Scripture Readings — Memorial of St. Stanislaus -USCCB

St. Magdalene of Canossa
Image: Canossian School

(Vatican) Born in Italy Verona of a noble and wealthy family, Magdalen was the third of six children–by the way of painful events such as her father’s death at the age of 5 and her mother’s second marriage, illness and misunderstanding, the Lord guided her towards unforeseen paths.

Drawn to the Love of God at the age of 17, she planned to consecrate her life to God and twice tried her vocation at a Carmel, however the Holy Spirit urged Magdalen to follow a new path to allow herself to be loved by Jesus Crucified, to belong to Him alone, in order to dedicate herself exclusively to those in greatest need.

Magdalene returned to her family and being compelled by sad events and tragic political circumstances at the end of the 18th Century, she nurtured her true vocation in the depth of her heart and went on with life at ‘Canossa Palace’ shouldering the burden of running her families large estate.

With complete dedication Magdalene carried out her daily tasks and widened her circle of friends, while at the same time remaining open to the mysterious action of the Holy Spirit who gradually molded her heart and enabled her to share in the love of the Father for mankind revealed by Jesus’ complete and supreme offering of Himself in the Cross and by the example of the Holy Virgin Mary–Moved by that love, Magdalene responded to the poor, hungry for food and instruction, understanding and the Word of God.

Magdalene would find them in the suburbs of Verona, where the echoes of the French Revolution, the occupation by various foreign powers and the Verona uprising had left evident signs of devastation and human suffering. Magdalene gave special attention to Girls living in poverty, together with those who had been abandoned, concentrating her efforts and energy on building up an institution for them.

In 1801 Magdalene’s work earned Napoleon’s admiration for the ‘Charitable Establishment’ erected in a suppressed Convent in a poor area.

Magdalene’s life was marked by suffering and trials, she lived in a society of contrasts between the very rich and those living in extreme poverty–the society that Magdalen had grown up in was forgetful of God, dominated by arrogance and privilege.

It was in this environment that Magdalene discovered deep within herself the desire to share the life of Jesus Christ in the Salvation of many who had been abandoned in their poverty, exploited by the egoism of the wealthy and oppressed by the evils of her day. Magdalen began to give of herself without reservation to children, youth and women who faced economic hardship, as well as moral, spiritual, intellectual and family poverty.

In 1808 Magdalene left the ‘Canossa Palace’ indefinitely with some friends, establishing herself in the poverty-stricken district of San Zeno where she found delight in giving of herself, serving the neediest persons with the Heart of Christ.

Charity is like a blazing fire — Magdalene opened her heart to the Holy Spirit who guided her to the poor in other cities: Venice, Milan, Bergamo, Trent…In only a few short decades the number of her homes increased and her religious family grew in the service of the Kingdom of God.

The Love of the Crucified and Risen Jesus, burnt in Magdalene’s heart together with her friends, became a witness for that same love in five specific areas: 

• Charity Schools, providing an all around formation geared to pupils status in life;

• Catechesis given to all classes of people, with special attention to those most ignorant of Christianity;

• Support to Women patients in hospitals;

• Residential Seminars, to train young teachers for rural areas and valuable helpers for Parish Priests in the pastoral activities;

• Yearly courses of Spiritual exercises for Ladies of the nobility, with the aim of deepening their spiritual life and involving them in various charitable works–Later on, this activity was offered to all those who had a desire for it.

Magdalene vision was that of a missionary spirit often stating that she was prepared to go anywhere and do anything so that Jesus would be known and loved but this particular dream was not to be realized in her lifetime.

Today, the Canossian Daughters of Charity living the spirit of Magdalene are present in 35 countries around the world and the ‘Canossian Family’ includes the ‘Canossian Sons of Charity’ (Priests/Brothers) together with the Lay Canossians/Secular Missionaries witnessing charity in all walk of Christian life.

In 1988 Magdalene was Canonized by Pope Saint John Paul II

Magdalene is remembered as a true witness to the constant and freely given Love of God — We give Thanks to Him for the Gift of this Mother and Sister of ours and through her intercession we ask that we may love Him as she did, above all other things and make Him known to others by the way we live our lives.

More here from Canossian Daughters of Charity

Happy Feast of the Annunciation
Image Courtesy: Giselle Theresa Cua

(Franciscan Media) For centuries the ‘Feast of the Annunciation’ has been celebrated by Christians–Its central focus is the Incarnation. God has become one of us. From all eternity God has decided that the Second Person of the Blessed Trinity should become human. — As Luke 1:26-38 tells us, the decision is being realized. Jesus Christ embraces all humanity, indeed all creation to bring it to God in one great act of love–however because humans have rejected God, Jesus will accept a life of suffering and an agonizing death.

“Greater love has no man than this, that a man lay down his life for his friends.” —John 15:13

Blessed Virgin Mary has an important role to play in God’s plan–she is the Virgin Mother who fulfills Isaiah 7:14 and is united with her Son, in carrying out the will of God Psalms 40:8-9; Hebrews 10:7-9; Luke 1:38

The Blessed Virgin Mary shows us that we must listen to God and do His will, writes the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) Prayer and action therefore go hand-in-hand. As followers of Jesus Christ, we must make time to talk and listen to Him in prayer. Examining all that we do or simply ‘living’ in the light of our prayers is essential.

Living with a heart open to God’s will has enormous implications. Different people will realize that God calls them to different things.

For an adolescent, it may mean resisting peer pressure to take part in drinking or unchaste activity. For a single adult, it may require offering personal time in service of a needy person. A businessperson may find that honesty and fairness requires a certain course of action. A married couple may realize they should have another child. A frightened pregnant Woman may understand that she needs to ask for help to resist the temptation of having an abortion. A person who is ill may have to accept her/his illness and join her/his suffering to that of Jesus Christ.

Doing God’s will is not easy. We usually have our own plans for our lives, its good to have plans but never at the expense of our growth in relationship to God.

Like Mary, we must trust that God’s will is the best for us and our world. Let us follow the example of Mary and call upon her to help us open our hearts to say “yes” to God.

More here and here from USCCB

St. John Baptist de la Salle -Image: Catholic Online

(EWTN) Born in Rhemis France, John was the eldest son of an aristocratic family, he inherited the rank and fortune of his parents which set a gulf between him and the teeming masses of the poor.

At the age of 16 when John was pursing a course in classical studies the the College des Bons Enfants, he became a Canon of the Rheims and seemed to be marked out for a successful career in the Church. John subsequently studied at Saint Sulpice and the Sorbonne for the Priesthood and was ordained at the age of twenty seven according to Franciscan Media and now, Fr. John now seemed assured of a life of dignified ease and a high position in the Church but God had other plans for him.

During a chance meeting with M. Nyle of Raven a French educator, in charge of the house of the poor in France Rouen, where he also oversaw the education of young boys, Fr. John became interested in establishing charity schools and this led him to take charge of the teachers that he brought into his home to train them.

Little-by-little Fr. John became further involved in the work until he began to realize that everything pointed to his being the chosen instrument for Providence for the creation of a system of Christian education for the poor.

As Fr. John made the will of God the guiding principle of his life, he decided to give himself up completely to this task, resigning his position as Canon and giving away his fortune to be in order to be on the same footing as the teachers (schoolmasters) that lived with him. — In so doing, this aroused the anger of Fr. John’s relatives but this in no way made him alter his resolution.

In 1684 Fr. John transformed his group of schoolmasters into a religious community under the name of ‘Brothers of the Christian Schools’ and this was the origin of the Order which continues to this day and is spread worldwide.

After opening schools in a number of neighboring towns, Fr. John went to Paris to takeover the school in the Parish of St. Sulpice and there he established his headquarters. In the Capitol of France, Fr. John’s work spread rapidly and before long, the ‘Brothers of the Christian Schools’ were teaching over 1,100 pupils.

In Paris Fr. John founded another training college with a charity school annexed and organized a Sunday Academy (or Constitution School) for youths already employed. 

The remainder of Fr. John’s life was closely entwined with the ‘Brothers of the Christian Schools’ (today known as the De La Salle Brothers) the religious community of men that Fr. John founded which grew rapidly and is successful and committed  to helping young people, working in 80 countries.

Fr. John lived until the age of 68 and passed away on Good Friday in France Rouen and was Canonized in 1900 by Pope Leo XIII

St. Maria Crescentia Hoss (1682-1744)
Image: Catholic Sisters & Brothers

(Vatican) Born in Bavaria Kaufbeuren, Maria Crescenzia Hoss, was the seventh of eight children, the daughter of a poor weaver according to Franciscan Media – that during her youthful days, she spent play time praying in the Parish Church, assisted those even poorer than herself and had so mastered the truths of her Christian faith, that she was permitted to make her Holy Communion at the then unusual early age of seven in the town which she called ‘The Little Angel.’

In 1703 Maria Crescentia desired to enter the Convent of the Franciscan Tertiaries of Mayerhoff but the Convent was poor and because she had no dowry, she was denied admission until the Protestant Mayor of the town pleaded her case–the Convent owing the Mayor a favor admitted Maria Crescentia but made her life miserable, assigning her nothing but menial tasks–even her cheerful spirit was misinterpreted as flattery or hypocrisy, despite all her challenges and difficulties, Maria Crescentia was professed a year later and remained throughout her life.

Conditions improved for Sister Maria when a new Superior was elected who realized her virtue, dedication and generosity and she was appointed the Mistress of Novices in 1726 and served until 1741 and then was elected Superior of the Community despite her attempts to refuse the post. To her Sisters, she recommended observing silence, recollection and spiritual reading especially the Gospels–the Teacher of their religious life had to be Jesus on the Cross.

Sister Maria was also a prudent and wise counselor to all that turned to her for strength and comfort–as what could be seen from her numerous letters.

In her three years as Superior of the Franciscan Tertiaries of Mayerhoff Sister Maria Crescentia became its second Foundress, she justified her selectivity regarding vocations by saying: “God wants the Convent rich in virtue not temporal goods.”

The principle points of Sister Maria’s program for the renewal of the Convent were: Unlimited trust in divine providence; Readiness in the acts of the common life, love of silence, devotion to Jesus crucified, devotion to the Eucharist and the Blessed Virgin Mother.

Sister Maria passed away on Easter Sunday 1744 and was buried in the Chapel of her Monastery.

In 1900 Sister Maria was Beatified by Pope Leo XIII and in 2001 Canonized by Pope Saint John Paul II who during his Homily of the Canonization Maria Crescentia Hoss said:

From her childhood, it was for His service that she used her talents. God gave her a beautiful voice. Already as a young lady she could sing a solo part not to display herself but to sing and to play for Christ the King.

Her knowledge of her fellow men she placed at the service of the Lord. The Franciscan was an esteemed advisor. To her Convent came many visitors, both simple Men and Women, Princesses and Empresses, Priests and Religious, Abbots and Bishops. In a certain way she became a kind of a ‘Midwife’ and helped those seeking counsel to bring forth the truth in their hearts.

Sorrow did not spare the (this) Saint — ‘Mobbing’ took place in her time, she endured the intrigues of her own community without ever doubting her vocation. The long period of suffering allowed her to grow in virtue of patience, this was helpful for her when she became Superior, for her to direct meant spiritually to serve–She was generous with the poor, Motherly with her Sisters and kind to all who needed a kind word.

St. Maria Crescentia lived what the Kingdom of Christ means: “Whatever you do to the least of your Brothers, that you do for me.” —Matthew 25:40

St. Vincent Ferrer (1350-1419)
Image: Women of Grace

(Franciscan Media) Born in Spain Valencia, Vincent was educated there, completed his studies in Philosophy by the age of 14 and in 1367 entered the Dominican Order and Ordained a Priest by Cardinal Peter de Luna, he subsequently was sent to the house of studies at Barcelona the following year.

After returning to Spain, in 1370 Vincent taught Philosophy at Lerida and three years later, he returned to the Dominican ‘Stadium Arabicum et Hebriacum’ at Barcelona.

During Vincent’s stay there famine was prevalent. Filled with compassion for those suffering, Vincent foretold while ministering one day, the near approach of ships carrying wheat–his prediction was fulfilled.

In 1377 Vincent was sent to continue his studies in France, Toulouse where in his own words: “Study followed prayer and prayer succeeded study.”

The polarization in the Church today among Christians is a mild breeze compared to the tempest that tore the Church apart during the life of Vincent–If any Saint is the Patron of ‘Reconciliation’ Vincent Ferrer most certainly is.

The Western division that divided Christianity between two and then three Pope’s: Clement VII lived at France, Avignon; Urban VI in Rome — Vincent was convinced the election of Urban was invalid through Catherine of Siena, was just as devoted a supporter of the Roman Pope.

In service of Cardinal Peter de Luna in 1379 as Legate of the Court of Argon, Vincent worked to persuade Spaniards to follow Clement VII. When Clement died, Cardina de Luna was raised to the Papal Chair at France Avignon and became Pope Benedict XIII

Vincent worked for Pope Benedict XIII as Apostolic Penitentiary and Master of the Sacred Palace but the new pope did not resign as all candidates in the conclave had sworn to, remaining stubborn despite being deserted King Charles VI and nearly all of the Cardinals. Vincent became disillusioned by the turmoil and quite ill but finally took up the work of simply, ‘Going into all the world and preach the Gospel to the whole creation,’ —Mark 16:15 though he felt that any renewal of the Church depended on healing the division.

An eloquent and enthusiastic minister, Vincent spent the last 20 years of his life spreading the ‘Good News of Jesus Christ’ throughout Spain, France, Switzerland and Italy, stressing the need for repentance and fear of the coming of judgment.

In 1408 at Genoa a meeting had been arranged there between Gregory XII and Vincent’s former friend Benedict XII in the hope of putting an end to the division–Vincent urged Benedict XII to resign but in vain.

Disappointed Vincent returned to Spain and continued ministering (sometimes for three hours) celebrating Mass daily–Vincent would arise very early every morning to pray. After his midday meal, Vincent tended to sick children and by evening, he was preparing his sermon for the following day. 

Vincent passed away in France in 1419 In 1455 he was Canonized by Pope Calixtus III at the Dominican Church of Santa Maria Sopra Minerva in Rome, which stands to this day and is a popular tourist destination.

More here from EWTN

Saint Isidore of Seville
Image Courtesy: Catholic Online

(Franciscan Media) Isidore born in Spain Cartagena, three of his siblings — two brothers Leander and Fulgentius that became Bishops, together with his sister Florentina who became a Nun were later Canonized as Saints along with him.

As the Archbishop of Seville, Leander became an important influence on his younger brother Isidore, helping him to develop a commitment to study, prayer and intense work for the good of the Church. Isidore in turn, joined his brother’s mission to convert the generally heretical Visigoth’s had invaded the land a century and a half earlier and shortly before Isidore’s birth and followers of the Arian Heresy splitting Spain in two.

Isidore reunited Spain, making it a center of culture and learning–the country served as a teacher and guide for other European countries whose culture was also threatened by barbarian invaders.

When Isidore’s brother Leander died around 600, Isidore succeeded him as Archbishop of Seville, inheriting his brother’s responsibility for Church affairs in an intense period of change.

For the good of the Church and civilization, Isidore was determined to preserve the wisdom and knowledge of the past, maintaining the fruitful synthesis of classical Roman culture and Christian faith, while intent on preventing false teachings from shattering the unity of the Church in Spain.

Responsible above all for the good of the Church, Isidore sought the common good by encouraging study and development in areas such as Law, Medicine, Foreign Languages and Philosophy.

Sometimes called ‘The Schoolmaster of the Middle Ages’ because of the encyclopedia that he wrote written from a Catholic perspective that was used as a textbook for nine centuries.

Under Isidore’s leadership, he required seminaries to be constructed in every diocese, wrote a Rule for Religious Orders and founded schools that taught every branch of learning–never neglecting the service of those in need.

“Indeed just as we must love God in contemplation, so we must love our neighbor with action,” Isidore declared. “It is therefore impossible to live without the presence of both the one and the other form of life, nor can we love without experiencing both the one and the other.”

In the last month’s of Isidore’s life, he offered a moving testament to these words, intensifying his charitable outreach to the poor. Crowds of people in need flocked to his residence from afar, as Bishop Isidore offered his final works of mercy on earth.

Isidore died on this date in 636 and later named a Doctor of the Church, In 1598 he was Canonized by Pope Clement VIII and was named the Patron Saint of Schoolchildren and students–more recently, its been proposed that he also be named a Patron Saint of ‘Internet Users’ because of his determination to use the world’s accumulated knowledge for the service of God’s glory.